Old Terminal Huteelka Cusub: Hoteelka Roosevelt iyo Dhismaha Boosta

Taariikhda Hoteelka: Terminal City (1911)

Isla mar ahaantaana, madaxa injineerka William J. Wilgus ayaa ahaa qofkii ugu horreeyay ee xaqiiqsaday suurtagalnimada iibinta xuquuqda hawada, xaqa loo leeyahay in lagu dhiso dusha sare ee tareennada dhulka hoostiisa mara, ee horumarinta hantida ma-guurtada ah. Dhismaha Grand Central wuxuu sidaas ku soo saaray dhowr baloog oo hantida maguurtada ah ee Manhattan, oo ka fidsan Waddooyinka 42aad ilaa 51aad ee u dhexeeya Madison iyo Lexington Avenues. Shirkadda Realty and Terminal waxay caadi ahaan uga faa'iidaysataa xuquuqda hawada laba siyaabood midkood: dhisidda dhismayaasha iyo kiraynta iyaga ama iibinta xuquuqda hawada horumariyayaal gaar ah kuwaas oo dhisi lahaa dhismooyinkooda.

William Wilgus wuxuu u arkay xuquuqdan hawada inay tahay hab lagu maalgelinayo dhismaha terminalka. Architects Reed & Stem waxay asal ahaan soo jeediyeen Guri cusub oo Metropolitan Opera House, Beerta Madison Square, iyo Akadeemiyada Naqshadeynta Qaranka. Ugu dambayntii, waddada tareenku waxay go'aansatay in ay horumariso aaggaas oo ay noqoto degmo xafiis ganacsi.

Qorshaynta horumarinta waxa ay bilaabatay wakhti dheer ka hor inta aan la dhamaystirin terminalka. 1903dii, New York Central Railroad waxay abuurtay derivative, New York State Realty and Terminal Company, si ay u kormeerto dhismaha ka sarreeya dayrarka tareenka ee Grand Central. Jidka tareenka ee New Haven ayaa ku biiray mashruuca markii dambe. Dabaqyada dhinaca waqooyi ee terminalka ayaa markii dambe loogu magac daray "Terminal City" ama "Aagga Dhexe ee Weyn."

Sannadkii 1906dii, wararka ku saabsan qorshayaasha Grand Central ayaa durba kor u qaadayay qiimaha guryaha dhow. Iyada oo lala kaashanayo mashruucan, qaybta Park Avenue ee ka sarraysa deyrarka tareenada ee Grand Central waxay heshay dhex dhexaad muuqaal ah oo soo jiidatay qaar ka mid ah hoteellada dabaqyada ugu qaalisan. Markii la furay terminaalka 1913-kii, baloogyada ku hareeraysan ayaa mid walba lagu qiimeeyay $2 milyan ilaa $3 milyan.

Magaalada Terminal isla markiiba waxay noqotay degmada ganacsiga iyo xafiiska loogu jecel yahay Manhattan.

Laga soo bilaabo 1904 ilaa 1926, qiyamka dhulka ee ku teedsan Park Avenue wuu labanlaabmay, halka Terminal City aagga uu kordhay 244%. Maqaal 1920-kii New York Times ayaa sheegay in "horumarinta hantida Grand Central ay dhinacyo badan ka dhaaftay filashooyinka asalka ah. Iyada oo leh hudheeladeeda, dhismayaal xafiisyadeed, guryo dabaqyo ah iyo jidadka dhulka hoostiisa ma aha oo kaliya ma aha terminal tareen oo cajiib ah, laakiin sidoo kale waa xarun bulsho oo weyn."

Degmadu waxay ku timi dhismayaal xafiisyo sida Grand Central Palace, Chrysler Building, Chanin Building, Bowery Savings Bank Building, iyo Pershing Square Building; Guryo dabaqyo ah oo raaxo leh oo ku teedsan Park Avenue; Hoteello heersare ah oo ay ku jiraan Commodore, Biltmore, Roosevelt, Marguery, Chatham, Barclay, Park Lane, Waldorf Astoria iyo Yale Club ee New York.

Qaab dhismeedkan waxaa loo nashqadeeyay qaabka neoclassical, oo buuxinaya dhismaha terminalka. Inkasta oo Architects Warren iyo Wetmore ay naqshadeeyeen dhismayaashaas intooda badan, waxay sidoo kale kormeereen qorshayaasha kale ee naqshadeeyayaasha (sida kuwa James Gamble Rogers, oo naqshadeeyay Yale Club) si loo hubiyo in qaabka dhismayaasha cusubi uu la jaan qaadayo midka Terminal City. Guud ahaan, qorshaha goobta ee Terminal City waxaa laga soo qaatay Dhaqdhaqaaqa Quruxda badan ee Magaalada, kaas oo dhiirigeliyay wada noolaanshaha bilicda ee u dhexeeya dhismayaasha ku dhow. Joogteynta qaababka qaab dhismeedka, iyo sidoo kale maalgelinta ballaaran ee ay bixiyaan bangiyada maalgashiga, ayaa gacan ka geystay guusha Terminal City.

Dhismaha Graybar, oo la dhameeyay 1927, wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah mashruucyadii ugu dambeeyay ee Magaalada Terminal.

Dhismuhu waxa uu ka kooban yahay qaar badan oo ka mid ah boosteejooyinka tareenada ee Grand Central, iyo sidoo kale marinka Graybar Passage, marin wayn oo leh iibiyeyaal iyo albaabo tareen oo fidsan min terminalka ilaa Lexington Avenue. Sannadkii 1929kii, New York Central waxay xarunteedu ka dhisatay dhisme 34 dabaq ah, oo markii dambe loo beddelay Dhismaha Helmsley, kaas oo ku sii jeeday Park Avenue woqooyiga terminalka. Horumarintu aad ayuu hoos ugu dhacay intii lagu jiray Niyad-jabka Wayn, oo qayb ka mid ah Magaalada Terminal ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah loo burburiyay ama dib loogu dhisay naqshado bir iyo muraayado ah kadib Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka.

Naadiga Magaalada New York, (halkaas oo aan ka soo shaqeeyay Guddoomiyaha Guddiga laga soo bilaabo 1979 ilaa 1990) ayaa dhawaan warqad u diray Guddiga Ilaalinta Landmarks ee NY oo ku boorrinaysa ilaalinta Landmarks Hotel Roosevelt (George B. Post iyo Son 1924) iyo Postum Dhismaha (Cross & Cross 1923).

Roosevelt Hotel waa hudheel taariikhi ah oo ku yaal 45 East 45th Street (inta u dhaxaysa Madison Avenue iyo Vanderbilt Avenue) ee Midtown Manhattan. Waxaa loogu magacdaray sharafta Madaxweyne Theodore Roosevelt, Roosevelt waxa uu furmay Sebtembar 22, 1924. Waxa uu si joogto ah u xidhay Diisambar 18, 2020.

Waxa hudheelka ku yaala wadar dhan 1,025 qol, oo ay ku jiraan 52 qolal. 3,900-foot-square-foot ah Suite waxay ka kooban tahay afar qol jiif, jiko, nolol rasmi ah iyo meelo lagu cunteeyo, iyo barxad wareegsan. Qolalka waxaa lagu qurxiyey dhaqan ahaan, oo leh alaab alwaax ah oo mahogany ah iyo dahaar sariir oo midab khafiif ah leh.

Hoteelka waxaa ku yaalay dhowr maqaayad oo ay ka mid yihiin:

• "Roosevelt Grill" oo u adeegaya cuntada Maraykanka iyo takhasusyada gobolka ee quraacda.

• Qolka "Madison Club Lounge", baar iyo qol leh baar mahogany 30-foot ah, daaqado dhalo leh, iyo labo dabshid.

• The "Vander Bar," bistro leh qurxin casri ah, oo u adeegaya biirka farsamada.

Roosevelt waxa uu leeyahay 30,000 cagood oo laba jibbaaran oo kulan ah oo soo bandhiga meel bannaan, oo ay ku jiraan laba qolal balloodle iyo 17 qolal shirarka dheeraadka ah oo u dhexeeya cabbirkoodu yahay 300 ilaa 1,100 cagood oo laba jibbaaran.

Hoteelka Roosevelt waxaa dhisay ganacsade Niagara Falls ah Frank A. Dudley waxaana maamula shirkadda United Hotels. Hudheelka waxa naqshadaysay shirkadda George B. Post & Son oo laga kireeyay Shirkadda Realty and Terminal Company ee New York, qayb ka mid ah Waddada Dhexe ee New York. Hudheelka, oo lagu dhisay kharash dhan $12,000,000 (oo u dhiganta $181,212,000 sanadka 2020), ayaa ahaa kii ugu horreeyay ee lagu daro bakhaarka hore ee bakhaarrada wejigiisa, maadaama kan dambe uu ahaa mid mamnuuc ka ahaa mamnuucid. Hudheelka Roosevelt waxa uu hal mar ku xidhnaa Grand Central Terminal iyada oo la sii marayo marinka dhulka hoostiisa oo hudheelka ku xidha goobta tareenka. Marku hadda wuxuu joogsadaa meel ka soo jeedda jidka laga soo galo hudheelka ee East 45th Street. Roosevelt-ku waxa uu dajiyay tas-hiilaadka xayawaanka ugu horreeya ee martida iyo adeegga daryeelka ilmaha ee Qolka Teddy Bear wuxuuna lahaa takhtarkii ugu horreeyay ee guriga dhexdiisa ah.

Hilton

Conrad Hilton waxa uu iibsaday Roosevelt 1943-kii, isaga oo ugu yeedhay “hudheel wanaagsan oo meelo waaweyn leh” oo ka dhigaysa Guriga Madaxweynaha ee Roosevelt. Sannadkii 1947-kii, Roosevelt waxa uu noqday hudheelkii ugu horreeyay ee qol kasta telefishan laga daawado.

Hilton Hotels waxay iibsadeen silsiladda Statler Hotels sannadkii 1954. Sidaas darteed, waxay lahaayeen hudheelo badan oo waaweyn oo ku yaal magaalooyin badan oo waaweyn, sida New York, halkaas oo ay ku lahaayeen Roosevelt, Plaza, Waldorf-Astoria, New Yorker Hotel iyo Hudheelka. Statler. Wax yar ka dib, dawladda federaalku waxay soo gudbisay tallaabo liddi ku ah kalsoonida Hilton. Si dacwadda loo xalliyo, Hilton waxa ay ogolaatay in ay iibiso tiro ka mid ah hudheeladooda, oo uu ku jiro hudheelka Roosevelt, kaas oo laga iibiyay Hotel Corporation of America February 29, 1956, $ 2,130,000.

Diyaaradda Pakistan International Airlines

Sannadkii 1978-kii, huteelka waxa lahaan jiray Penn Central oo halgansanaa, kaas oo iib u dhigay, iyo laba hudheel oo kale oo u dhowaa, The Biltmore iyo The Barclay. Saddexda huteel waxa laga iibiyey shirkadda Loews 55 milyan oo dollar. Loews wuxuu isla markiiba Roosevelt ka iibiyay horumariyaha Paul Milstein $30 milyan.

Sannadkii 1979kii, Milstein waxa uu huteelka ka kireeyey Diyaaradda Caalamiga ah ee Pakistan isaga oo leh ikhtiyaar uu ku iibsado dhismaha 20 sano ka dib isaga oo ku kacaya qiime go’an oo dhan $36.5 milyan. Amiir Faisal bin Khalid Abdulaziz Al Saud oo u dhashay Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa ka mid ahaa maal-galiyeyaasha heshiiska 1979-kii. Hudheelka waxa uu waayey hawl-wadeenadiisa lacag dhan 70 milyan oo dollar sannadihii xigay, sababo la xidhiidha dhismooyinkiisa oo duugoobay.

Sannadkii 2005, PIA waxay iibsatay saaxiibkeeda Sucuudiga heshiis ay ku jirto saamiga amiirka ee Huteelka Scribe ee Paris, iyadoo ku beddeshay $40 milyan iyo saamiga PIA ee Riyadh Minhal Hotel (Holiday Inn oo ku yaal hanti uu amiirku leeyahay). Bishii Luulyo 2007, PIA waxay ku dhawaaqday inay huteelka u iibinayso iib. Faa’iidada sii kordhaysa ee huteelka, isla markaana ay shirkaddu laftigeedu bilowday inay gasho khasaare ballaadhan, ayaa sababtay in iibkii laga tago. Sannadkii 2011, Roosevelt ayaa mar kale dib-u-dayactir ballaadhan lagu sameeyay, laakiin waxa uu ahaa mid furan intii hawsha lagu gudo jiray.

Oktoobar 2020, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in huteelka uu si joogto ah u xidhi doono sababtoo ah khasaaraha maaliyadeed ee sii socda ee la xidhiidha masiibada COVID-19. Maalintii ugu dambaysay ee shaqadu waxay ahayd Disembar 18, 2020.

Guy Lombardo wuxuu bilaabay inuu hogaamiyo kooxda guriga ee Roosevelt Grill 1929; halkan ayay ahayd markii Lombardo uu sidoo kale bilaabay qabashada idaacada sanadka cusub ee habeenka cusub isaga iyo kooxdiisii, The Royal Canadians.

Lawrence Welk waxa uu shaqadiisa ka bilaabay Roosevelt Hotel xagaagii markii Lombardo uu muusikadiisii ​​u qaaday Long Island.

Muusigga waxaa si toos ah qol walba loogu soo galiyay raadiyaha. Hugo Gernsback (ee Hugo Award fame) ayaa WRNY ka soo bilaabay qol ku yaal dabaqa 18aad ee Roosevelt Hotel oo si toos ah u tabinaya munaarad 125 cagood ah oo saqafka sare ah.

Laga soo bilaabo 1943 ilaa 1955 Roosevelt Hotel wuxuu u adeegay sidii xafiiska Magaalada New York iyo hoyga Gudoomiye Thomas E. Dewey. Dewey degaankiisii ​​​​hore wuxuu ahaa beertiisa oo ku taal Pawling, oo ku taal waqooyiga New York, laakiin wuxuu isticmaalay Suite 1527 ee Roosevelt si uu u qabto inta badan ganacsigiisa rasmiga ah ee magaalada. Doorashadii madaxtinimo ee 1948-kii, taas oo Dewey uu ku waayay madaxweynihii xilka haya Harry S. Truman oo aad uga xumaaday, Dewey, qoyskiisa, iyo shaqaaluhuba waxay dhegeysteen soo laabashada doorashada ee Suite 1527 ee Roosevelt.

Terminal City, Roosevelt Hotel iyo Postum Building waa wadnaha New York. Waa in la siiyaa calaamadaynta iyo ilaalinta sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee suurtogalka ah tan iyo markii Roosevelt Hotel la xidhay oo mulkiilayaasha dhismaha Postum ay kireeyeen naqshadeeye si ay u "sahamiyaan fursadaha."

Stanley Turkey waxaa loo aqoonsaday inuu noqdo taariikhyahan sanadka sanadka 2020 hoteelada taariikhiga ah ee America, barnaamijka rasmiga ah ee National Trust for Historic Preservation, kaas oo horey loogu magacaabay 2015 iyo 2014. Turkel waa lataliyaha hoteelada ee sida weyn loo daabaco ee Mareykanka. Wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa tababarkiisa la-talinta hudheelka isaga oo u adeegaya markhaati khabiir ku ah kiisaska la xiriira hudheelka, wuxuu siiyaa maareynta hantida iyo la-tashiga hudheellada hudheellada. Waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay inuu yahay Master Hotel Supplier Emeritus oo ay soo saartay Machadka Waxbarashada ee Hoteelka iyo Hoteelka Mareykanka. [emailka waa la ilaaliyay] 917-628-8549

Buuggiisa cusub ee "Great American Hotel Architects Volume 2" ayaa hadda la daabacay.

Buugaagta Kale ee La Daabacay:

• Huteellada Weyn ee Ameerika: Horjoogayaasha Warshadaha Hoteelka (2009)

• La Dhisay Ilaa Ugu Dambeyn: 100+ Huteelo Sannad-jir ah oo ku yaal New York (2011)

• La Dhisay Ilaa Ugu Dambeyn: 100+ Hoteelo Jir-Sannado Ka Weyn Bariga Mississippi (2013)

• Mavens Hotel: Lucius M. Boomer, George C. Boldt, Oscar ee Waldorf (2014)

• Huteellada Weyn ee Ameerika Volume 2: Horjoogayaasha Warshadaha Hoteelka (2016)

• La Dhisay Ilaa Ugu Dambeyn: 100+ Huteel-Jir-Jireedka Galbeedka Mississippi (2017)

• Hotel Mavens Volume 2: Henry Morrison Flagler, Henry Bradley Plant, Carl Graham Fisher (2018)

• Dhismayaasha Huteel Weyn ee Ameerika Volume I (2019)

• Mavens Hotel: Volume 3: Bob iyo Larry Tisch, Ralph Hitz, Cesar Ritz, Curt Strand

Dhamaan buugaagtaan waxaa laga dalban karaa Qoraaga Guryaha adoo booqanaya stanleyturkel.com  oo gujinaya cinwaanka buugga.

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