Adeegga seerayaasha Qaranka iyo Waaxda Arrimaha Gudaha ee Maraykanka ayaa taariikhda Hotel Willard ku tilmaamay sidan:
Qoraaga Ameerikaanka ah Nathaniel Hawthorne wuxuu arkay 1860-yadii in "Hudheelka Willard si cadaalad ah loogu yeeri karo bartamaha Washington marka loo eego Capitol ama Aqalka Cad ama Waaxda Gobolka." Laga soo bilaabo 1847 markii walaalihii Willard ee ganacsiga lahaa, Henry iyo Edwin, markii ugu horreysay loo sameeyay sidii hudheelo ku yaal geesta 14th Street iyo Pennsylvania Avenue, Willard wuxuu qabsaday meel gaar ah taariikhda Washington iyo qaranka.
Willard Hotel waxa si rasmi ah u asaasay Henry Willard markii uu kiraystay lixda dhisme sannadkii 1847kii, isaga oo isku daray dhisme keliya, waxaanu ka dhigay hudheel afar dabaq ah oo uu u bixiyey Willard Hotel. Willard waxa uu ka iibsaday hudheelka Ogle Tayloe 1864kii.
1860-meeyadii, qoraaga Nathaniel Hawthorne ayaa qoray in "Huteelka Willard si cadaalad ah loogu yeeri karo bartamaha Washington marka loo eego Capitol ama Aqalka Cad ama Waaxda Gobolka."
Laga soo bilaabo Febraayo 4 ilaa Febraayo 27, 1861, Congresska Nabadda, oo ay ku jiraan wufuud ka socota 21 ka mid ah 34 gobol, ayaa ku kulmay Willard isku daygii ugu dambeeyay ee lagu joojinayo Dagaalkii Sokeeye. Qoraal ka soo baxay Guddiga Dagaalka Sokeeye ee Virginia, oo ku yaal dhinaca Pennsylvania Ave. ee huteelka, ayaa xusaysa dadaalkan geesinimada leh. Sannadkaas ka dib, markii la maqlay ururkii Ururka oo heesaya "John Brown's Body" markii ay hoos marayeen daaqadeeda, Julia Ward Howe waxay u qortay erayada "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" markii ay ku sugnaayeen hudheelka Noofambar 1861.
February 23, 1861, iyada oo ay jiraan dhowr hanjabaado dil, baare Allan Pinkerton waxa uu Abraham Lincoln u tahriibiyay Willard; Halkaa Lincoln waxa uu ku noolaa ilaa caleemasaarkiisii 4-ti March, isagoo shirar ku qabanaya hoolka oo uu ganacsi ka waday qolkiisa.
Madaxweynayaal badan oo Maraykan ah ayaa soo booqda Willard, iyo madaxweyne kasta tan iyo Franklin Pierce ama seexday ama ka qayb galay dhacdo ka dhacday hoteelka ugu yaraan hal mar; Hoteelka ayaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan "hoyga madaxweynayaasha." Waxay ahayd caadadii Ulysses S. Grant inuu cabbo whiskey oo uu ku cabbo sigaar marka uu ku nasanayo qolka fadhiga. Folklore (oo uu kor u qaado huteelka) ayaa qaba in tani ay tahay asalka ereyga "lobbying", sida Grant ay inta badan u soo dhawaadeen kuwa raba. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani waxay u badan tahay inay been tahay, sida Qaamuuska Cusub ee Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary uu qoray falka "inuu u ololeeyo" ilaa 1837. Grover Cleveland wuxuu halkaas ku noolaa bilawgii xilli ciyaareedkiisa labaad ee 1893, sababtoo ah welwelka caafimaadka gabadhiisa yar ka dib markii uu dhawaan dillaacay qandho casaan ah oo ka jirta Aqalka Cad. Qorshaha Woodrow Wilson's League of Nations waxa uu qaabeeyey markii uu qabtay shirarka Ururka si loo xoojiyo Nabadda ee hoolka hudheelka ee 1916. Lix madaxweyne-ku-xigeen oo fadhiya ayaa ku noolaa Willard. Millard Fillmore iyo Thomas A. Hendricks, muddadii koobnayd ee uu xafiiska joogay, waxay ku noolaayeen Willard hore; ka dibna Madaxweyne-ku-xigeennada, James S. Sherman, Calvin Coolidge iyo ugu dambeyntii Charles Dawes dhamaantood waxay ku noolaayeen dhismaha hadda ugu yaraan qayb ka mid ah madax-weyne ku-xigeenkooda. Fillmore iyo Coolidge waxay sii wadeen Willard, xitaa ka dib markii ay noqdeen madaxweyne, si ay u oggolaadaan wakhtiga ugu horreeya qoyska inay ka guuraan Aqalka Cad.
Dhowr boqol oo sarkaal, qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay la dagaallameen dagaalyahannadii Dagaalkii Adduunka 2aad, markii ugu horreysay waxay la kulmeen General of Armies, John J. "Blackjack" Pershing, Hotel Willard bishii Oktoobar 1922, XNUMX, waxayna si rasmi ah u aasaaseen Ururka Saraakiisha Kaydka (ROA) ) urur ahaan.
Qaab dhismeedka hadda jira oo ka kooban 12 sheeko, oo uu naqshadeeyey naqshadeeyaha hudheelka caanka ah ee Henry Janeway Hardenbergh, ayaa la furay 1901. Waxa soo gaadhay dab weyn 1922kii kaas oo sababay $250,000 (oo u dhiganta $3,865,300 ilaa 2020), oo khasaare ah. Waxaa ka mid ah kuwa laga saaray hoteelka, madaxweyne ku xigeenka Calvin Coolidge, dhowr senator oo Mareykan ah, laxamiistaha John Philip Sousa, filim soo saare Adolph Zukor, daabacaha wargeyska Harry Chandler, iyo madax kale oo badan oo warbaahin, shirkado iyo siyaasiyiin ah oo goob joog ka ahaa Casho sanadeedka Gridiron. Sannado badan Willard wuxuu ahaa hudheelka kaliya ee si fudud loogu booqan karo dhammaan magaalada hoose ee Washington, sidaas awgeedna waxa degay marti sharaf badan intii ay jirtay.
Qoyska Willard waxay iibiyeen saamigii ay ku lahaayeen hoteelka 1946-kii, maamul-xumada iyo hoos u dhaca xooggan ee aagga awgeed, hoteelku wuxuu xiray iyadoo aan horay loo sii sheegin July 16, 1968. Dhismuhu wuxuu bannaanaa sannado, qorshayaal badan ayaa la sabbeeyay. duminteeda. Ugu dambayntii waxa ay ku dhacday qaabilaad dadwayne oo badh ah waxaana laga iibiyay Shirkada Horumarinta Avenue Pennsylvania. Waxay qabteen tartan lagu dayactirayo hantida waxayna ugu dambeyntii ku abaalmariyeen Shirkadda Oliver Carr iyo Associates Golding. Labada lamaane ayaa markaa keenay Kooxda InterContinental Hotels si ay u noqdaan qayb-milkiile iyo maamule huteelka. Willardka ayaa markii dambe dib loogu soo celiyay quruxdeedii qarniga iyo koox dhisme xafiis ah ayaa lagu daray. Hoteelka ayaa sidaas dib loo furay iyadoo ay jirto dabaaldeg weyn oo dhacay Ogosto 20, 1986, taas oo ay ka soo qeyb galeen dhowr garsoore oo ka tirsan Maxkamadda Sare ee Mareykanka iyo Senatarrada Mareykanka. Dabayaaqadii 1990-meeyadii, hoteelku waxa uu mar kale dib u habeyn weyn lagu sameeyay.
Martin Luther King Jr., wuxuu ku qoray khudbadiisii caanka ahayd ee "I Have a Dream" qolkiisa huteelka ee Willard maalmo ka hor Ogosto 28, 1963 ee Washington ee Shaqooyinka iyo Xoriyadda.
Sebtembar 23, 1987, waxaa la sheegay in Bob Fosse uu ku dhacay qolkiisa Willard ka dibna uu dhintay. Ka dib waxaa la ogaaday inuu dhab ahaantii ku dhintay Isbitaalka Jaamacadda George Washington.
Martida kale ee caanka ah ee Willard waxaa ka mid ah PT Barnum, Walt Whitman, General Tom Thumb, Samuel Morse, Duke of Windsor, Harry Houdini, Gypsy Rose Lee, Gloria Swanson, Emily Dickinson, Jenny Lind, Charles Dickens, Bert Bell, Joe Paterno iyo Jim Sweeney.
Steven Spielberg ayaa ku toogtay gabagabada filimkiisa Warbixinta Dadka laga tirada badan yahay ee huteelka xagaagii 2001. Waxa uu ku duubay Tom Cruise iyo Max von Sydow gudaha Willard Room, Peacock Alley iyo jikada.
Hudheelka oo laba baloog u jira Aqalka Cad, waxa ka buuxa rooxaanta kuwa caanka ah ee xoogga badan. Sannadihii la soo dhaafay, waxa ay ahayd goobtii ay isugu yimaaddeen madaxweynayaasha, siyaasiyiinta, guddoomiyeyaasha gobollada, suugaanyahannada iyo aqoonyahannada dhaqanka. Waxay ahayd Willard in Julia Ward Howe uu ka kooban yahay "The Battle Hymn of the Republic." Gen. Ulysses S. Grant waxa uu ku qabtay hoolka fadhiga maxkamada Abraham Lincoln waxa uu ka amaahday dacas guri mulkiilihiisa.
Madaxweynayaasha Taylor, Fillmore, Pierce, Buchanan, Taft, Wilson, Coolidge iyo Harding waxay joogeen Willard. Martida kale ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ahaa Charles Dickens, Buffalo Bill, David Lloyd George, PT Barnum, iyo kuwa kale oo aan la tirin karin. Walt Whitman waxa uu aayadihiisa ku daray Willard, Mark Twain-na waxa uu halkaas ku qoray laba buug horraantii 1900-aadkii. Waxa uu ahaa madaxweyne ku xigeenka Thomas R. Marshall, oo ka cadhooday qiimaha sare ee Willard, kaas oo soo saaray weedha "Waxa uu dalkani u baahan yahay waa sigaar wanaagsan oo 5-cent ah."
Willard waxa uu fadhiyey bannaan 1968 waxana uu halis ugu jiray in la dumiyo ilaa 1986kii markii dib loo soo celiyay sideedii hore. Mashruuc dib u soo celin ah oo dhan $73 milyan ayaa waxaa si taxadar leh u qorsheeyay Adeegga Beerta Qaranka si dib loogu sameeyo huteelka sida taariikh ahaan sax ah intii suurtagal ah. Lix iyo toban lakab oo rinji ah ayaa laga soo xoqay alwaaxdii si loo xaqiijiyo midabada asalka ah ee hudheelka 1901.
Naqdiye naqshadeeyaha New York Times Paul Goldberger ayaa qoray Sebtembar 2, 1986:
Inta badan dib-u-soo-celinta dhismayaasha la ixtiraamo waxay u kala baxaan mid ka mid ah laba qaybood, ama waxay isku dayaan inay dib u abuuraan sida ugu macquulsan ee suurtogalka ah, ama waxay yihiin tafsiiro hindise ah oo isticmaalaya naqshadda asalka ah oo ah barta boodada.
Hoteelka Willard ee dhawaan la dayactiray waa labadaba. Kala bar mashruucan ayaa ku lug leh dib u soo celinta ixtiraamka leh ee dhismaha huteelka ugu weyn Washington, qaab-dhismeedka Beaux-Arts ee caanka ah ee Henry Hardenbergh kaas oo meesha ka baxay ilaa 1968, dhibane hoos u dhaca xaafadiisa, dhowr baloog oo bari ka xigta Aqalka Cad. Qaybta kale waa dhismo cusub oo lagu soo kordhiyey oo ka kooban xafiisyo, dukaanno, fagaaraha dadweynaha iyo qol musqul cusub oo hoteelka.
Stanley Turkey waxaa loo aqoonsaday inuu noqdo taariikhyahan sanadka sanadka 2020 hoteelada taariikhiga ah ee America, barnaamijka rasmiga ah ee National Trust for Historic Preservation, kaas oo horey loogu magacaabay 2015 iyo 2014. Turkel waa lataliyaha hoteelada ee sida weyn loo daabaco ee Mareykanka. Wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa tababarkiisa la-talinta hudheelka isaga oo u adeegaya markhaati khabiir ku ah kiisaska la xiriira hudheelka, wuxuu siiyaa maareynta hantida iyo la-tashiga hudheellada hudheellada. Waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay inuu yahay Master Hotel Supplier Emeritus oo ay soo saartay Machadka Waxbarashada ee Hoteelka iyo Hoteelka Mareykanka. [emailka waa la ilaaliyay] 917-628-8549
Buuggiisa cusub ee "Great American Hotel Architects Volume 2" ayaa hadda la daabacay.
Buugaagta Kale ee La Daabacay:
• Huteellada Weyn ee Ameerika: Horjoogayaasha Warshadaha Hoteelka (2009)
• La Dhisay Ilaa Ugu Dambeyn: 100+ Huteelo Sannad-jir ah oo ku yaal New York (2011)
• La Dhisay Ilaa Ugu Dambeyn: 100+ Hoteelo Jir-Sannado Ka Weyn Bariga Mississippi (2013)
• Mavens Hotel: Lucius M. Boomer, George C. Boldt, Oscar ee Waldorf (2014)
• Huteellada Weyn ee Ameerika Volume 2: Horjoogayaasha Warshadaha Hoteelka (2016)
• La Dhisay Ilaa Ugu Dambeyn: 100+ Huteel-Jir-Jireedka Galbeedka Mississippi (2017)
• Hotel Mavens Volume 2: Henry Morrison Flagler, Henry Bradley Plant, Carl Graham Fisher (2018)
• Dhismayaasha Huteel Weyn ee Ameerika Volume I (2019)
• Mavens Hotel: Volume 3: Bob iyo Larry Tisch, Ralph Hitz, Cesar Ritz, Curt Strand
Dhamaan buugaagtaan waxaa laga dalban karaa Qoraaga Guryaha adoo booqanaya stanleyturkel.com oo gujinaya cinwaanka buugga.
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